Great efforts are being carried out by Turkmen scientists to scientifically analyze the poetic treasure of the classical poet of the Turkmen people, Magtymguly Pyragy, and reveal its philosophical foundations. Today, the great thinker’s poems are widely studied, and his rich meaning is conveyed to the public through newspapers, magazines, television and radio stations. In particular, the advices and exhortations of our wise poet in the 18th century have become a great life school for our youth today.

The study of the works of Magtymguly, the great poet of our people, attracts the attention of the world scientific community even in our time. In history, many other world scientists, such as A. Vamberi, A. Samoylovich, Y. Bertels, highly appreciated Magtymguly Pyragy’s poems of wisdom and left many writings as a legacy. Similarly, the poet’s poems were translated into many languages and became available to the world readers. There is probably no Turkmen bagshy who has not sung Magtymguly’s poem.

In his wonderful poems, Magtymguly Pyragy wrote about uniting the Turkmen people, achieving the unity of the people, protecting and loving the Motherland, developing friendly and brotherly relations between people, fighting for justice, morality that decorates a person, humanism, satisfaction, not to be angry, not to harm a person, decency, generosity, courage…

Patriotic poet Magtymguly’s poems about heroism, country, unity, and unity occupy one of the most prominent places in his creativity. These poems are also very important in educating the young generation in the spirit of patriotism.

As our Hero Arkadag emphasized, one of Magtymguly Pyragy’s greatest services to the Turkmen people is his efforts for unity. History proved that the bright hopes and ideas of the great poet and thinker who dreamed of creating a stable state were true.

Magtymguly, who lived in a very complicated time, was closely aware of all the shortcomings and bad events of his time, he strongly condemned them, considered their prevention as the main task of his time, and called on the Turkmens to unite and form a state:

“Türkmenler baglasa bir ýere bili,

Gurudar Gulzumy, derýaýy-Nili.

Teke, ýomut, gökleň, ýazyr, alili,

Bir döwlete gulluk etsek bäşimiz.” [3, p. 17]

The great thinker Magtymguly Pyragy is a poet who praised the existence of a strong Turkmen state, a tough period and a happy life in his work.

“Pyragy, yşka ugraşdym,

Derýa girdim, möwje düşdüm,

Hor galmasyn puştdan-puşdum,

Berkarar döwlet islärin” [2, p. 40]

You realize that his lines are true today. This is a clear proof that the poet’s humanist ideas have become a reality of life.

Magtymguly left behind his holy ideals, his great school, and clear principles, which will live forever in the souls of future generations of his people. He also tries to make the most of all opportunities. Believing that everything should start with himself first, and the main support is his people, but a united people, he addresses his people as follows:

“Bir-birini çapmak ermes ärlikden,

Bu iş şeýtanydyr, belki, körlükden,

Agzalalyk aýrar ili dirlikden,

Munda döwlet dönüp, duşmana gelgeý.” [2, p. 174]

In this direction he strives to build an independent and free state, which is the only guarantee of freedom and human existence, can become a reality only with unity. He addresses his people and says, inspires and motivates them:

“Göwünler, ýürekler bir bolup başlar,

Tartsa ýygyn, erär topraklar-daşlar,

Bir suprada taýýar kylynsa aşlar,

Göteriler ol ykbaly türkmeniň.” [4, 15-16]

Magtymguly is a poet who loved his country with all his heart. In his poems, he constantly emphasizes that all power and prestige depend on the service he gives to his country and the value he places on it. He looks at the solution of any problem from the point of view of the people and promotes the interests of the country. The poems of the poet, who tried to firmly impress upon the reader that true humanity is connected with the country, the devotion to it, love. In the poet’s poem “Ili gözlär”:

“Ilinden aýra düşen –

Ah urar, ili gözlär.

Ýolundan aýra düşen –

Jäht edip, ýoly gözlär” [4, p. 252]

as can be seen from the lines, a person cannot imagine his life apart from his country.

Poems of the poet, who is not far from the people’s life, are very clear and pleasant for the whole public. That is why Magtymguly’s poems are read with great interest by every Turkmen family. Because the poet’s poems are a valuable guide to educate the generations in the national spirit. Magtymguly preaches noble virtues such as honouring the elder and respecting the younger. Poems of the poet encourage to be professional and love hard work. The poet’s poems preach the principles of learning a profession, being educated, and helping people. Attributes such as respecting one’s elders, honouring them, and honouring one’s parents are bequeathed. By saying “the best of manners, slap the elder”, politeness and respect are preached. In the work of Magtymguly, the issue of education and science is strongly emphasized. A wise poet spares no effort and inspiration to educate intelligent and literate people. The fact that Magtymguly passed the school of Dovletmammamet Azadi clearly testifies to his skillful use of the wealth of the folk language and the creation of a national spiritual hero.

Magtymguly Pyragy came to the conclusion that it is possible to eliminate defects in social relations by educating people with good behaviour and moral qualities. That is why he spoke about all the good qualities that adorn a person, make him a real person, and enhance his dignity. He wanted good behaviour and moral qualities in his contemporaries and future generations.

Magtymguly’s patriotism is exemplary, and the literary legacy he left behind is a well-established, pure source. He was a passionate poet who glorified the country, and as a skillful educator, he took a great place in the hearts of the younger generation. This shows that the services of our great classical poet to the Turkmen people are very great.

In every word, thought and verse of Magtymguly lies the heartbeat of the Turkmen – pure feelings, dreams, deeds and other wonders. All of them are miracles of the heart and mind, passed down from generation to generation.

During the Revival of the New Epoch of the Powerful State, the creative work of our lyricist Magtymguly Pyragy, which is equivalent to “Jemshid’s Mosque”, is not only a special event in the centuries-long history of the rich literary heritage of the poetic and imperial Turkmen people, one of the ancient peoples of the Near and Middle East, it is also a unique phenomenon of the entire East.

Magtymguly Pyragy, an outstanding representative of the classical literature of the Turkmen people, has been glorifying the name of the Turkmen people for almost three hundred years. Magtymguly poetically describes all the problems of secular life, which developed the philosophical views and artistic mind of not only the Turkmen people, but also world thinkers.

As our Hero Arkadag noted: “Magtymguly’s creativity today gives spiritual pleasure not only to the Turkmen people, but to the whole of humanity. At the same time, the creativity of the poet is the creativity that solves the problems related to life. It is for this reason that his wonderful poems, which are songs, resonate in languages, are sensible and are absorbed, have been translated into dozens of languages of the world” [1, p. 6].

The healthy thoughts expressed in Magtymguly Pyragy’s wonderful poems are a guide not only for the future of the Turkmen people, but also for the life and spiritual needs of all mankind. The value of the world of the poet’s poetry has gone beyond the national boundaries and has become the cultural value of world literature and the treasure of human wisdom. It is for this reason that the great poet’s wonderful poems have been translated into many languages of the world.

In order for the great writers-poets of any nation to become famous in the world, the first task falls on the translator, who is the “twin” or “servant” of the author, to convey their works to the languages of different peoples of the world with their sweetness and originality. Also, in this work, a very important task belongs to the scientific community of the people who formed the writer-poet in their hearth, as well as translator specialists. This is the case with the great thinker Magtymguly Pyragy and his brilliant poems. To translate the poems of the great sage as perfectly as possible, to convey to the peoples of the world, without destroying the original words, the precious coral poems that make up his literary heritage, with their delicious flavor, in our time when Magtymguly Pyragy’s literature is devoted to the past history and the national heroes who have left a permanent mark on history. It is considered an important task for scientists and national specialists who deal with the heritage and study its creativity.

During the period of Independence, Magtymguly’s works were republished among the people not only within the territory of his Motherland, but also on the basis of the manuscripts found and studied by scientists in foreign countries.

Translations of Magtymguly Pyragy’s works into many languages of the world, especially the languages of the European nations, are of great importance for the Russian translations of the great thinker. As it is known, Magtymguly’s works were published in dozens of languages, including Mongolian, Vietnamese, Polish, French, English, and Chinese. Currently, among the activities dedicated to the 300th anniversary of the poet’s birth, works are being carried out to translate Magtymguly’s works into different languages, as well as to publish them in book form. As a result, the poet’s works have been published in Arabic and Uzbek languages until today. Translations in Spanish, Belarusian, Korean, Armenian and many more languages will be available to readers in the near future.

Regarding the history of translations of Magtymguly in Russian, the first attempt to render them in Russian belongs to F.A. Bakulin. In 1872, he published a literal translation of two of Magtymguly’s poems and an article entitled “Songs of the Turkmen and their poet Magtymguly” in “News of the Caucasus Department of the Russian Geographical Society”.

In the second half of the 20th century, the work of translating Magtymguly’s works into the Russian language and the languages of other nations became wider. Famous Russian poets who translated the poet’s works into Russian are G. Shengeli, A. Tarkovsky, S. Ivanov, M. Tarlovsky, Y. Gordiyenko, Y. Neuman, N. Grebnev, T. Spendiarova, V. Ganiyev, A. Krongauz, Y. Valich, A. Starostin, N. Lebedev, L. Penkovsky, T. Streshneva, A. Revich, S. Botvinnik, A. Zyrina and others took an active part.

Among them, one of the most famous translators of Magtymguly’s works into the Turkmen language, A.Tarkovsky, who won the State Prize of Turkmenistan named after Magtymguly for his translations in 1971, can be singled out. He managed to rekindle the inspiration of Magtymguly, which he saw in his translated poems, and considered “the days of translating the works of the great Turkmen poet as the most wonderful and happy moments of his life.”

Another translator of Magtymguly’s works is a well-known Turkish scholar, doctor of philology, professor S.N. Ivanov. He knew the Turkish languages well, so his translations are distinguished by their closeness to the original in terms of meaning and use of artistic means.

When these translators, whose mother tongue is Russian, translated Magtymguly’s works from the Turkmen language into the Russian language, they mainly had to use preliminary line-by-line translated materials. To some extent, this caused difficulties in achieving the equality of the content world of the original text with the translation, and as a result, the differences between the translated text and the original text increased. Nevertheless, it should be noted that the translation of individual works of Magtymguly into Russian was very successful with the dedication and talent of the mentioned translators.

The experience gained in the translation of Pyragy’s profoundly meaningful works into world languages shows that there are a number of urgent problems that require a solution in this field.

First of all, it is necessary to use effective methods and genres to fully reflect the poet’s worldview and national uniqueness in the translation. For this, one should follow the principle of translating the meanings of words in Turkmen language based on the vocabulary of Pyragy’s works, depending on each context.

The problem of rendering old and obsolete words in the works of Magtymguly in translation has a great impact on the content of his works being equal to the original in other languages. It is necessary to prepare and publish their own dictionary in the form of a booklet in order to make the methods of these words used in practice.

The translation of Pyragy’s poems tests the norms of poetic composition in other languages. There is a need to create a principled tradition in this regard in translations of the poet’s works in a specific foreign language.

Achieving perfection in the translation of the works of Magtymguly, the most prominent representative of Turkmen literature, into world languages will serve as the basis for translating our literary works into other languages.

The translation and dissemination of Magtymguly’s poems into world languages, firstly, informs about the great value of his scientific and philosophical ideas for the East and the West, and secondly, promotes the development of international cultural relations of Turkmenistan.